Efektivitas Ekstrak Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Heat-Cured
Abstract
Background: Removable dentures made from heat-cured acrylic resin are one of the answers to this problem, but this material has the disadvantage of easily forming porosity which becomes the ideal place for microorganisms to breed, one of them is Candida albicans. Its attachment to the base of the denture certainly harms the patient because it can lead to denture stomatitis. Shallots can be an alternative for denture cleaner because they contain flavonoids, steroids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and allicin, which have antifungal properties.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of shallots extract (Allium ascalonicum Linn) in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans on heat-cured acrylic resin denture base plate.
Method: This study used True experimental laboratory post test only control group design with 30 samples of heat-cured acrylic resin plates that have been contaminated with Candida albicans and divided into 5 groups, as chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% (control +), sterile aquades (control -), onion extract 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% for 15 minutes. Observations were made by counting the number of fungal colonies on Sabouround dextrose agar.
Result: The results of the One-Way ANOVA analysis showed differences between groups with p <0.05. The extract worked more effectively at a concentration of 3.125%, followed by a concentration of 12.5% and 6.25%.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the shallots extract (Allium ascalonicum Linn) could inhibit the growth of Candida albicans on heat-cured acrylic resin denture base plate.
Latar Belakang: Gigi tiruan lepasan berbahan dasar resin akrilik heat-cured menjadi jawaban atas permasalahan ini, namun bahan ini memiliki kelemahan mudah terbentuknya porositas yang menjadi tempat berkembangbiaknya mikroorganisme, salah satunya Candida albicans. Perlekatan Candida albicans pada basis gigi tiruan tentunya merugikan pasien karena dapat menyebabkan denture stomatitis. Bawang merah dapat menjadi alternatif pembersih gigi tiruan karena mengandung Flavonoid, Steroid, Fenol, Saponin, Tanin, dan juga Alisin yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antifungal.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada basis gigi tiruan berbahan dasar resin akrilik heat-cured.
Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan true experimental laboratories post test only control group design dengan 30 buah sampel plat resin akrilik heat-cured yang dikontaminasi menggunakan suspensi Candida albicans dan kemudian dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% (kontrol +), aquades steril (kontrol -), ekstrak bawang merah 12,5%, 6,25%, dan 3,125% selama 15 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah koloni jamur pada media SDA.
Hasil: Hasil analisis One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan dengan nilai signifikansi p<0,05. Ekstrak bekerja lebih efektif pada konsentrasi 3,125%, yang diikuti dengan konsentrasi 12,5% dan 6,25%.
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn) efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans pada basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik heat-cured.