Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Lidah buaya (Aloe vera) Pada Tumpatan Glass Ionomer Cement Konvensional Terhadap Kekuatan Tekan
Abstract
Background: Conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) is widely used due to its advantages such as biocompatibility and long-term fluoride release. However, the main weakness of conventional GIC lies in its mechanical properties, namely inadequate compressive strength and weak antibacterial properties, which limit its use to areas where high pressure is not required. To overcome these limitations, various efforts have been made to improve the physical and mechanical properties of GIC, one of which is the addition of aloe vera extract. It has been found that the antibacterial properties of conventional GIC can be enhanced by the addition of aloe vera extract, but its mechanical properties may also be affected. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether the compressive strength of conventional glass ionomer cement is influenced by the addition of aloe vera extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%.
Methods: This type of research is an experimental laboratory study with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group design. Observations were made before and after treatment. A total of 36 samples were used, consisting of 9 samples per group with criteria of 5 mm diameter, 3 mm thickness, and non-porous, non-cracked surfaces. The samples were stored at 37°C for 24 hours. Afterward, the samples were removed from the molds and soaked in distilled water at the same temperature for 24 hours, followed by compressive strength testing.
Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test and Post Hoc Games-Howell analysis showed that there was a significant difference in compressive strength (p<0.05) between the control group and the treatment group, with a significance value of 0.000.
Conclusion: There is an effect of adding aloe vera extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% on the compressive strength of conventional glass ionomer cement.
Latar Belakang: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) konvensional banyak digunakan karena keunggulan seperti biokompatibilitas dan kemampuan melepaskan fluorida jangka panjang, akan tetapi GIC konvensional memiliki kelemahan utama pada sifat mekanis yaitu kekuatan tekan yang tidak memadai dan sifat antibakteri yang lemah, sehingga penggunaannya terbatas pada daerah yang tidak memerlukan tekanan besar. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ini, berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan sifat fisik dan mekanik GIC, salah satunya melalui penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya. Penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya diketahui dapat meningkatkan sifat antibakteri GIC konvensional, namun juga berpotensi memengaruhi sifat mekaniknya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini ingin mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya (aloe vera) konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 20% terhadap kekuatan tekan glass ionomer cement konvensional.
Metode: jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratories dengan Pretest-Posttest Control Group. Pengamatan dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 36 buah yang terdiri dari 9 sampel per kelompok dengan kriteria diameter 5 mm, tebal 3 mm dengan permukaan tidak porus dan retak. Sampel disimpan pada suhu 37°C selama 24 jam. Setelah itu, sampel dikeluarkan dari cetakan dan direndam dalam aquades pada suhu yang sama selama 24 jam, kemudian dilakukan pengujian kekuatan tekan.
Hasil: Uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Post Hoc Games-Howell menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kekuatan tekan yang signifikan (p<0.05) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan, dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya (aloe vera) konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 20% terhadap kekuatan tekan glass ionomer cement konvensional.
